Domestic Violence Effects On Children - 2864 Words

The news consists of new and repeating stories everyday whether it involves something life changing or something just to lighten up someone’s day such as a baby laughing gone viral. There is one topic that consistently makes its way into the spotlight; domestic violence. Domestic violence is defined as: violent or aggressive behavior within the home; typically involving the violent abuse of a spouse or a partner. As this definition is being analyzed, many situations may graze our minds, especially recently. The question is, does domestic violence have an effect on children. Although many people seem to believe that they are not influenced easily, it is proven that a person retains and remembers the most as an infant growing into a child and those whom have experienced domestic violence second handily grow into experiencing it first handily. Domestic violence is a very controversial topic, especially in the female community considering whom all it effects. It is known to come f rom within the heart of our own homes whether the outside world knows or not. As a child grows up in a household full of multiple personalities, he or she begins to retain a lot of the activities performed from inside of the household. It is proven that those who were raised around domestic violence have had it affect their life in one way or another, but how could it be blamed upon a child. It is kind of hard to believe that a person who cannot remember their first birthday remember how their lovedShow MoreRelatedThe Effects of Domestic Violence on Children1529 Words   |  7 PagesProject: The Effects of Domestic Violence on Children Trudy Root Kaplan University CM107-11 Children are negatively impacted by the surrounding of domestic violence in multiple ways, in which need to be identified. The audience that needs to be aware of domestic abuse’s effects on children is adults that care for children; such as pediatricians, teachers, counselors, and parents. The issue that needs to be addressed is the negative effects on children involved in a domestic violence situationRead MoreThe Effects Of Domestic Violence On Children1387 Words   |  6 Pages Literature Review: The Effects of Domestic Violence on Children By Taralyn Dean SW 8570 March 11, 2015 Introduction Today this paper will be exploring the affects of intimate partner domestic violence and how this impacts the children. The children of theses situations are the bystanders of these physical and emotional events. This paper will review in depth what other professionals are saying about the children of the domestic violence relationships and also the findings andRead MoreThe Effects Of Domestic Violence On Children Essay1383 Words   |  6 PagesIn a similar study by Ybarra, Wilkens, Lieberman (2007) the goal was to determine if domestic violence leads to functioning shortfalls, and what its effects it has on a child’s behavioral and cognitive functioning. In homes where domestic violence happens, young children are more likely to witness violence than older children. It was hypothesized that children who witnessed violence at home had lower verbal capabilities, and would display greater internalizing and externalizing behaviors. ParticipantsRead MoreEffect of Domestic Violence on Children692 Words   |  3 PagesASSIGNMENT 1 DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ID: S99003183; URIAM ROBATI ABSTRACT Domestic Violence has a great effect on children. Domestic violence also known as domestic abuse, spousal abuse or child abuse is recognized as a pattern of abusive behavior by one or both partners especially those in marriage. This coercive behavior is used against another person to obtain power and control over the other party in a relationship. Domestic violence takes many forms such as physical violence which includesRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Children1445 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is domestic Violence? Domestic Violence is described as violent or aggressive behavior within the home, typically involving the violent abuse of a spouse or partner. Many children end up being the victims to seeing domestic violence in the home which is very unhealthy to their development. Some children may development resentment toward both parents- one for not leaving and the other for causing the abuse. Depression, aggressive behavior, emotional distress and suicide depending on the severityRead MoreEffects of Domestic Violence on Children1124 Words   |  5 PagesThe biggest victims of domestic violence are the littlest. The home is a suppose to be a safe and secure environment for children with loving parents and free from violence. Children need a secure environment where they can come home to when the outside world is unsafe. However, every year there are millions of children who’s homes are not a safe haven. Millions of children are exposed to a parent being violently assaulted. Domestic violence is a prevalent social issue in America today. First, whoRead MoreThe Effects Of Domestic Violence On Children And Children1541 Words   |  7 Pageslife. Domestic abused affect women and children. Lots of women are more at risk in their own home. Spouse abuses happen when one person in the marriage chooses to control the other party by using fair intimidation physical, emotional abuse. Domestic violence displaced many families because they are trying to get away from their abuser. Abuse can range from physical, mentally, emotional or psychological. One of every 5 woman are said to have experience an abuse from their partner. The effect of DomesticRead MoreEffects of Domestic Violence on Children908 Words   |  4 PagesEffects of Domestic Violence on Children by Mary Pelham English 1010-19 5 October 2011 Pelham i Outline I. Effects on younger children A. Feelings of deprivation Read MoreThe Effects Of Domestic Violence On Children963 Words   |  4 PagesThe Effects of Domestic Violence on Children Many children witness domestic violence each day. Most times, children witness their mothers being abuse by their fathers, step-fathers, or mother’s boyfriends. According to Couchenour and Chrisman (2011), â€Å"Women and children are at greater risk of being victims of abuse than are men† (p. 131). Witnessing violence or being abused at home has serious effects on children. This article explains the short-term and long-term effects that domestic violence hasRead MoreEffects Of Domestic Violence On Children990 Words   |  4 Pagesexposed to domestic violence at an early age, that child adapts to these adverse circumstance and situations (Holmes, 2013). Therefore, children who are regularly exposed to domestic violence may initially display less aggressive behaviors than children who are never exposed. However, this is due to their fear of being a victim of a physical assault (Holmes, 2013). This finding was interesting because it shows how deeply the children are affe cted by exposure to domestic violence. The children become

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Audiences and Spectatorship Free Essays

string(38) " audiences as being passive entities\." Are audiences’ vulnerable pawns ensnared under the manipulative and calculating control of the media or, do audiences’ actively engage in the media by constructing their own interpretations and meanings of the world? This is an extremely controversial issue that is extensively debated all around the world. Some view audiences as being easily influenced masses of people who can be persuaded to purchase products and conform to societies ideals or even follow corrupt leaders through advertising. There have also been fears that the media may alter the way people behave for example, being more violent and aggressive. We will write a custom essay sample on Audiences and Spectatorship or any similar topic only for you Order Now On the other side of the coin, there are theorists who believe that the media has a great deal less influence over audiences then is hypothesized. This is the central argument that this essay will be debating, to conclude whether audiences are passive individuals who are targeted victims of the media, or whether they are active and are thus not fictitious cohorts who believe everything they are told or watch in the media. To avoid misrepresentation the definition and differentiation of audiences is crucial. An Audience is†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ dictionary definition. There are two types of audiences that are marketed in the media-mass and niche. The mass audience includes people of different social cultures, different degrees of class and wealth and people with varying grades of education. The mass is composed of individuals who are oblivious to each other and who, in an ocean of people, don’t individually stand out. Due to this oblivion, members of the mass audience rarely interact and this lack of interaction means little exchange of experiences. A niche is that part of the audience, being relatively small in size, that marketers produce and can thus be easily targeted, producing only a small but secure profit. Audiences are not blank sheets of paper on which media messages can be written; members of an audience will have prior attitudes and beliefs which will determine how effective media messages are. † (Abercrombie, 1996:140) Mass media assumes that its audiences are credulous, susceptible and incompetent. This is however challenged by the idea of an ‘active audience’ in which individuals are not mere sheep that follow the flock but individuals who possess agency over their lives and the messages they receive. As Philip Hanes (2000) states, meanings are encoded by the producer into the media text and the audiences decodes the meaning from the text. â€Å"†¦ this intended message is not simply dumped into the minds of passive audiences†¦ â€Å"(Croteau and Hoynes, 2000:263), the producer inscribes a specific meaning in the text that he/she hopes to be decoded, but encodes it by the conventions of the particular medium so as to hide the texts own ideological construction. This concealed message is then decoded by the audience according to external influences such as class, ethnicity, gender, age etc. Thus a text could mean completely different things to different audiences meaning that no text has only one meaning and is thus polysemic. ‘Reception Analysis’ suggests the audience themselves help to create the meaning of the text by individually decoding the intended message in different ways according to the mood one may be in or as a result of ones own beliefs and morals. So we can conclude that audiences create their own meanings from the text and are thus not mere passive adherents. However, Its is also shown that media texts contain an excess of meanings within them and thus, â€Å"media contains the raw materials for multiple interpretations; the texts are structured in ways that facilitate peoples reading against the grain†¦ the most successful texts will have components that appeal to different audiences† (Croteau and Hoynes, 2000:266-267) As with all debates it is imperative to discuss and analyze certain theories pertaining to that debate. Firstly, it is important to note that the media only has a limited influence and effect on audiences. As Klapper(1960) demonstrates, â€Å"persuasive mass communication is in general more likely to reinforce the existing opinions of its audience than it is to change its opinion. † The idea of ‘Selectivity† deals with the idea of the resistant audience-it is up to the audience to resist the manipulative powers of the media and be not only cognizant of its manipulative capacity but bend these manipulations in favour of themselves. The Gratifications theory is in support of the premise that audiences are active. This theory testifies that we do not engage in media texts as â€Å"some kind of mindless entertainment. â€Å"(Baker) but make choices over what we consume and thus presume to get something out of it, some form of satisfaction. The types of gratification that we incur comprise of: satisfying our curiosity regarding the world-information; finding ones personal identity by looking to others i. e. celebrities for assistance and corroboration; to find out more about others circumstances and for social interaction(Media allows for communication amongst friends. ); and lastly for pure entertainment. Agenda setting’ deals with the notion that although there is an abundance of media messages being thrown at the audience, the audience intercepts this bombardment with their prior beliefs and attitudes. Thus media effects are limited because the audience practices a degree of autonomy. The Marketplace Model positions the audience in the rank of the consumer. This model states that audiences are not inert victims of the media but enthusiastically elect to choose commodities that satisfy their desires and preferences. This model suggests that audiences are realistic and clued-up and know exactly what it is they want. Their preferences allow them to pick and choose the viewing they wish to indulge in and if â€Å"the audience demands diverse content, then the marketplace will provide it. â€Å"(Webster and Phalen, 1994:29) This model insinuates that in view of the fact that audiences actively engage in their choice of viewing they, to a certain degree, have power over the media. One must, however, not be too hasty in succumbing to the notion of the active audience because there is a proliferation of theories regarding audiences as being passive entities. You read "Audiences and Spectatorship" in category "Papers" The debate concerning audiences being passive victims of the media and media being capable of radically effecting people’s behavior and beliefs, dates far back into history. An extremely appropriate illustration of this is when Hitler and Stalin attempted to use the media as propaganda by persuading the mass audiences to follow their policies and beliefs. Thus we can see how what an extremely precarious weapon media can be in the wrong hands, capable even of convincing millions to follow iniquitous beliefs. We see this persuasion still today in elections which is the same sort of propaganda. The Effects model of media audiences assumes that being exposed to adverse content can result in harm, that the audience is equally harmed by the media withholding high-quality content and the fact that although beneficial content is made accessible, it is being underused by the audience. â€Å"The Commodity Model is less wedded to any notion of audiences as individual decision makers and is more a reflection of the fact that, under advertiser support, they are a common coin of exchange. (Webster, 1994:30) Audiences are thus seen as commodities; the media will construct a text, in such a way that it will produce an audience. An example of this is the show Friends and how it is theorized that this show is actually a method of selling beauty products. Friends features stunning people, in amusing situations who are all blissful. Thus young audiences wanting to follow the latest trends of the main characters and experience their happiness would buy the beauty products sponsoring the show. In the argument pro passivity, â€Å"The Frankfurt School, who were concerned about the possible effects of mass media†¦ considered society to be composed of isolated individuals who were susceptible to media messages. â€Å"(Hanes, 2000) Thus the theory of the Hypodermic Syringe was proposed. This theory states that the media takes on the life of a syringe by injecting principles, and beliefs into the audience, who as passive mass viewers have no option but to be influenced and accept or imitate these messages. An example of this is if you see a woman sweeping the floor, being a woman you would go and do the same or being a man, you would expect the woman to go and sweep the floor. † Certain films such as the Exorcist were banned for this very reason; it was felt that it might encourage people to imitate the acts of violence in the film, in other words, if you watch something violent you will accordingly perform a violent act yourself. Yet another theory supporting the passivity debate is the Cultivation theory. This theory surmises that although an individual media text might not impact or affect an individual, years and years of being exposed to violence may consequently make you less sensitive and responsive to violence. If an audience, for instance, is constantly exposed to domestic violence, it may not bother them too much because they have been desensitized and domestic violence may have become just another societal norm which is exceptionally problematic. Yet another theory hypothesizes that we are likely to communicate our media encounters with others, and if we value their judgment, the likelihood is that we will be influenced by it and thus come to a deduction concerning our experience established on the foundation of the ‘opinion leaders’. These theories give us a great deal of insight into the reality of the audience as a passive victim. It is imperative that mention is given of how violence in the media can influence audiences as this is an integral part favouring the audience as victims’ debate. It seems evident that by observing violent or aggressive acts on television and film, audiences are learn behaviors which are appropriate, in other words, which behaviors will be punished and which are rewarded. Audiences imitate those behaviors which are positively rewarded. For instance, if the protagonist is in a fight scene with the ‘enemy,’ although the enemy may get punished by being defeated by the protagonist and thus the protagonist be rewarded for defeating evil, the protagonist himself was still involved in the violence and aggression. What is problematic is the fact that the protagonist is seen as the hero and is in turn imitated by audiences as it is seen as a good thing. So we can assume that violence in television and film is encoded and continuous viewing of this violence can help to maintain aggressive thoughts and violent ideas. It is also evident how the media may allow for the release of tension and desires through identification with fictional characters. Violent acts in the media may also erode inbuilt inhibitions against acting violently. Through the attraction of television and films, audiences acquire an imprecise comprehension of society, realism and moral values. Although the many theories surrounding the debate of whether audiences are passive or active are extremely influential, they have also been criticized. Firstly, the Gratifications theory can be criticized as it disregards the actuality that we do not always have absolute selection as to what we receive from the media. We typically have to choose the media that we consume from what is available. This emasculates the Gratification theory since we may not all have the equal prospects to utilize and benefit from the media merchandise we want. The Hypodermic Model can also be criticized on account of it being too simplistic and disregarding audiences’ individuality. There is a definite association between the mass media and social change but many of the consequences attributed to the mass media can also be attributed to many other influences within society, thus the extensive debate. In weighing up the evidence of whether mass media is influential or not, it is clearly identifiable that the media does play a major role in the construction of representations in society. Therefore we see how the media is used as a powerful instrument in influencing audiences into certain modes and beliefs within society. So we can deduce from the arguments presented in this essay that while audiences are passive victims of an all-encompassing world of messages, they too are active in that they can rebel against the medias domination by ardently participating in it or by resisting it. How to cite Audiences and Spectatorship, Papers

Maternal Love Is Selfless Essay Sample free essay sample

â€Å"A mother’s love is altruistic. † With mention to one or more characters in The Chrysalids. measure whether this statement is true. On the surface. several of the adult females in The Chrysalids appear to be devoted female parents who prove the statement true. Remembering Aunt Harriet and Martie Wender’s actions. David â€Å" [ admirations ] how many female parents there might be who [ are ] turning a blind oculus towards affairs that [ do ] non really conflict the Definition of the True Image – and possibly to things that [ do ] conflict it. † It seems that many female parents are willing to put on the line interrupting the jurisprudence in order to protect their kids. therefore turn outing that â€Å"a mother’s love is altruistic. † However. closer scrutiny of The Chrysalids will uncover that these mothers’ self-absorbed desire to keep their place in society is the primary motive for their actions. non concern for their progeny. The jurisprudence in Labrador is that Blasphemies will be sterilized and banished to the Fringes. However. we know that the authorities in Rigo is non a totalitarian 1. as it has abolished the combustion of â€Å"Blasphemies† in response to advocators who campaigned for more merciful intervention. The fact that the dehumanising pattern of labeling certain kids as â€Å"Blasphemies† is still enforced by the jurisprudence shows that female parents in Labrador do non violently and passionately oppose it. Rather than protect their kids by coercing the authorities to alter the jurisprudence. the adult females submit to the governments. By non disputing the â€Å"Definition of Man† . the female parents protect themselves from hazard. and can keep their position in society. Although at first glimpse Aunt Harriet seems the prototype of loving maternity in the text. she really best exemplifies my statement. Aunt Harriet’s desperate and mortifying entreaty to Emily Strorm to trade babes seems to be a altruistic attempt to protect her kid. However. in her supplication for aid to Emily. she says. â€Å"Henry will turn me out. I think. He’ll find another married woman. who can give him proper kids. There’ll be nil – nil in the universe for me – nil. † These remarks reveal that she fears for her ain hereafter. Aunt Harriet knows that in Labrador. if a adult female bears three deviational kids. her hubby has the right to direct her away. She will efficaciously go an friendless – as detested and impoverished as any mutation. Emily and Harriet’s eldest sister Hannah â€Å"had been sent off by her hubby. and cipher had heard of her since. † Aunt Harriet has antecedently consented to the sterilisation a nd ostracism of two of her kids. The chief ground she approaches Emily with this baby is that she herself is now at hazard of being sent off. This loss of position is her primary motive. non altruistic love for her babe. Some may indicate out that Martie Wender is a better illustration of loving maternity. She goes to great lengths to hide Sophie’s mutant. and the first chapter where she bathes Sophie’s conceited pes clearly shows she is a stamp caretaker. However. we see that she is non willing to travel every bit far as Sophie’s male parent. John. will travel to protect Sophie. When Sophie’s parents recognize she has been discovered by the boy of the notoriously legalistic Joseph Strorm. John Wender knows â€Å"a dead male child could interrupt no promise. † In the same manner that Uncle Axel has the tummy to kill Alan Ervin to protect David. it is likely John Wender is willing to extinguish the menace to Sophie. David speculates. â€Å"Perhaps Mrs Wender saved me. † I argue that Martie’s ground for non moving resolutely to maintain Sophie’s secret is that she wishes to continue the position quo. Equally far as possible. she wants nil to alter and is non willing to acquire her custodies dirty. Her reluctance to release her topographic point in Labrador society can be seen from her reaction when Sophie is eventually found out by Alan Ervin. Unlike John. who is ready to fly at a moment’s notice. Martie is â€Å"pale and hard-pressed. † She calls. and John has to firmly province the urgency of the affair to her before she is able to acquire up and battalion. One wonders if Martie would hold taken sufficient action to protect Sophie had John non been present. Martie’s desire to continue her comfy life in Labrador is at least as strong a motive for her actions as her love for Sophie. One can see from the submissive. conforming attitudes of other female parents in the novel. like Emily Strorm and Rosalind’s female parent. that they cherish their topographic point in society. They will travel every bit far as privacy and abetting an flight to protect their kids. but will be given non to set about actions that involve immediate personal hazard. In amount. the stereotype of a self-sacrificial female parent does non use to the characters of The Chrysalids. We see from the illustrations of Aunt Harriet and Martie Wender that while they are fond female parents. the desire to keep their topographic point in society can play a more powerful portion in actuating their actions than maternal love. This may be a broader remark by John Wyndham on the annihilating effects of favoritism. The universe is genuinely dystopian when fright and the inherent aptitude for self-preservation displace something as cardinal and intrinsic as a mother’s love. [ 1 ] . totalitarian: a signifier of authorities in which the political authorization exercises absolute control over all facets of life and all resistance is suppressed [ 2 ] . prototype: a perfect or ideal illustration [ 3 ] . destitute: deficient resources or the agencies of subsistence ; impoverished [ 4 ] . legalistic: strict. actual attachment to the jurisprudence or to a peculiar codification of faith or morality [ 5 ] . relinquish: give up [ 6 ] . abetting: blessing and assisting[ 7 ] . intrinsic: indispensable to the nature of a thing ; built-in